y during reaction. The TS conformation of both reaction steps extracted from the two-dimension potential energy surface displayed the typical geometry required by the SN2 reaction. The potential energy barriers of the two-step reactions calculated by MP2/6-31G revealed that the second methyl transfer might be faster than the first. Through NBO and ESP analysis, we discovered the importance of E144: orienting methyl accepting nitrogen, facilitating nucleophilic attack, reducing TS potential energy, and accepting substrate proton. E144 forms a hydrogen bond with the reactive nitrogen on guanidino, helping 
to redistribute the aggregated positive charge during methyl transfer. Arginine is weaker than lysine in nucleophilic attacking because the electrons on guanidino are partially delocalized rather than purely lone pair. Therefore, methylation of arginine 8 Catalytic Mechanism of PRMT1 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072424.g005 requires more assistance to enhance the nucleophilicity of guanidino. R54, E144, and E153 are highly conserved residues in PRMTs, and their fixed positions and interacting patterns in the active site indicated the indispensability of these residues for protein arginine methylation. In this MedChemExpress LOXO 101 computational 2173565 study, we discussed the importance of E144 in PRMT1 catalysis. In summary, we provide a detailed hypothesis of arginine asymmetric dimethylation catalyzed by PRMT1 and discuss the charge distribution and proton transfer process in 11881984 detail. However, the catalytic mechanism of PRMTs requires further exploration to answer certain questions, such as those on product specificity. Further understanding the PRMT1 catalytic mechanism will be beneficial for the rational design of inhibitors with both efficiency and specificity. The plant hormone auxin serves as a major regulator of plant morphology and anatomy with critical roles in developmental processes including embryogenesis, phyllotactic and vascular patterning, apical dominance and tropic responses. The predominant form of auxin in plants is indole-3-acetic acid, a small molecule that effects changes in gene expression by targeting transcriptional repressors for degradation. That a single molecule can elicit such a diverse array of developmental responses is a function of its precise localization, where its effect depends on the genetic background of the cells in which it is acting. Dynamic localization of IAA is achieved through a highly regulated and directional cell-cell transport termed polar auxin transport. One of the best-studied and most dramatic examples of PAT in plant development occurs during vascular patterning. In leaf primordia, the basipetal channeling of IAA from a convergence point in the epidermis down through a narrow file of cells in the center of the emerging primordium determines the location of procambium, the meristematic tissue from which all primary xylem and phloem is produced. Similarly, acropetal flow of auxin toward the root tip determines the location of procambium and hence the primary vasculature of the stele. Although originally conceived through classical development studies, the canalization hypothesis has been repeatedly supported and refined by molecular work demonstrating that auxin transport and accumulation is mediated by at least three classes of specific membrane proteins. The PIN proteins in particular appear to satisfy several critical requirements of the canalization hypothesis: they are often asymmetrically localized in the p
