Table. The attribute information of the areas had been collected from several references, including the report of Jeddah Urban Indicators Production issued by the Jeddah Urban Observatory (JUO) in 2015, plus the Common Census of Population, Housing, and Facilities reports issued by the Basic Authority for Statistics in Saudi Arabia. The attribute information were then converted from paper Ceforanide Technical Information format to Excel table by the digitization process to develop the database inside the ArcGIS Computer software. Third, the roads network and related attribute data have been collected from the report of Jeddah Local Program issued by Jeddah Municipality in 2015 [54], and Jeddah Explorer web site (http://maps.jeddah.gov.sa/) [accessed on 21 Could 2021]. Centerlines of roads were identified and represented as a lines format within the ArcGIS Application. Each and every line represents one road which has a exceptional ID number (record) inside the related attribute table. The attribute information have been also converted from paper format to Excel table by the digitization technique to build the database within the ArcGIS Application. 2.3. Network Evaluation An approach of network evaluation is definitely an proper strategy to take care of routing and transport issues by offering correct and swift options [55]. Quite a few inquiries associated to linear networks is often answered by network analysis, specifically with advances inside the GIS technologies lately. This type of analysis demands an availability of network data to locate distance between two points inside the network. The network data are represented in linear capabilities, which include streets, roads, rivers, and so forth. A set of applications might be produced making use of the network analysis, one of the most popular of that are: (1) obtaining the very best route or the closest facility by travel time or distance, (2) calculating service places to figure out locations inside a distinct travel threshold, (3) producing the OD cost matrix to seek out the cost to access the closest destinations from every single origin, and (four) identifying the location of your new facility that offers the best response times for the neighborhood, etc. [50,56,57]. The ArcGIS Network Analyst Extension offers the network-based analysis that could spatially resolve many routing difficulties. This evaluation may be performed employing lots of spatial tools, like new route, new closest facility, new service region, new OD expense matrix, and new location-allocation evaluation [50,55]. Customers use the Network Analyst to solve quite a few challenges and inquiries of their network specifications. In other words, the Network Analyst delivers quite a few features that allow users to discover the quickest or shortest route, strategy routes, allocate new facilities, estimate drive-time service region, and so on. The network could also include things like some cost values (e.g., slope, distance, time, or other flow attributes) [50]. Moreover, users could utilize the Network Analyst to dynamically create a network based on realistic circumstances, for example speed limits of roads, turn restrictions, and targeted traffic traits. To run tools of Network Analyst Extension, the network dataset under ArcCatalog module ought to firstly be created primarily based on the road network that contains the travel time worth for every road (line segment) inside the study location [55]. To execute the network analysis activity, all data, like population districts’ boundaries and healthcare centers, really should be constant with the road network dataset, and also in a format that a user could spatially map and analyze (e.g., population districts’ boundaries which might be pr.
