Paix 1 and Stefania Galdiero 4, 4Programa de P -Gradua o em Ci
Paix 1 and Stefania Galdiero 4, 4Programa de P -Gradua o em Ci cias e Biotecnologia, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niter 24020-141, Brazil; [email protected] (C.P.P.D.M.); [email protected] (S.G.D.-S.); [email protected] (I.C.P.) Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; [email protected] Phosphonoacetic acid Autophagy Division of of Basic Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Serop ica 23897-000, Brazil; [email protected] Division of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 34102 Naples, Italy; [email protected] FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Well being(CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technologies for Innovation in Neglected AZD1656 Technical Information Diseases Populations (INCT-IDNP), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil Correspondence: [email protected] (V.G.); [email protected] (S.G.); Tel.: +552-130-829-025 (V.G.); +390-812-534-503 (S.G.)Citation: Giongo, V.; Falanga, A.; De Melo, C.P.P.; da Silva, G.B.; Bellavita, R.; De-Simone, S.G.; Paix , I.C.; Galdiero, S. Antiviral Possible of Naphthoquinones Derivatives Encapsulated within Liposomes. Molecules 2021, 26, 6440. https:// doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216440 Academic Editors: Paola Barraja, Alessandra Montalbano and Virginia SpanReceived: 9 September 2021 Accepted: 22 October 2021 Published: 25 OctoberAbstract: HSV infections, each type 1 and kind two, are amongst essentially the most widespread viral diseases affecting people of all ages. Their symptoms could be mild, with cold sores up to 10 days of infection, blindness and encephalitis triggered by HSV-1 affecting immunocompetent and immunosuppressed folks. The extreme effects derive from co-evolution using the host, resulting in immune evasion mechanisms, like latency and developing resistance to acyclovir and derivatives. An efficient alternative to controlling the spreading of HSV mutations is the exploitation of new drugs, plus the possibility of enhancing their delivery via the encapsulation of drugs into nanoparticles, such as liposomes. Within this function, liposomes were loaded with a series of 2-aminomethyl- 3-hydroxy-1,4naphthoquinones derivatives with n-butyl (compound 1), benzyl (compound 2) and nitrobenzene (compound 3) substituents in the main amine of naphthoquinone. They had been previously identified to have significant inhibitory activity against HSV-1. All the aminomethylnaphthoquinones derivatives encapsulated within the phosphatidylcholine liposomes were in a position to handle the early and late phases of HSV-1 replication, especially these substituted with the benzyl (compound two) and nitrobenzene (compound three), which yields selective index values which can be nearly nine times more efficient than acyclovir. The expanding interest with the industry in topical administration against HSV supports our selection of liposome as a drug carrier of aminomethylnaphthoquinones derivatives for formulations of in vivo pre-clinical assays. Search phrases: aminomethylnaphthoquinones; herpes simplex virus variety 1; liposome drug carrier; nanoparticlesPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1. Introduction About 67 of people today under the age of 50 are infected with Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) and 13 of men and women aged 159 are infected with Herpes Simplex Virus two (HSV-2), urgently pushing the have to have for new therapies. Furth.
