Ern California PumasFractured Genetics in Southern California PumasFigure two. Map of puma
Ern California PumasFractured Genetics in Southern California PumasFigure two. Map of puma capture locations in the Santa Ana Mountains and eastern Peninsular Ranges of southern California. Colors of symbols represent genetic group assignment inferred from Bayesian clustering analysis (STRUCTURE analysis, see Figure 4). Genetic group A green diamonds; A2 red triangles (apex at best). A single male puma (M86) captured in the Santa Ana Mountains had predominant genetic assignment to the A2 (red) 
genetic group. 5 men and women (light green squares) captured within the Santa Ana Mountains had partial assignment towards the A2 group (M9, F92, M93, M97 and F02). Molecular BEC (hydrochloride) site kinship evaluation showed that M86 as well as a female (F89) captured inside the Santa Ana Mountains had been parents of pumas M9, F92, and M93 (captured inside the Santa Ana Mountains). Puma M97 assigned in parentage to M86 and F6, whilst F02 had unknown parentage (no parentage assignments; due possibly to her death early in project prior to collection of most of the samples). Three individuals (orange triangles, apex at bottom), had partial assignment (nonetheless, much less than 20 ) to A. doi:0.37journal.pone.007985.gWelfare Assurance quantity A34330, with capture and sampling procedures approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee in the University of California, Davis (Protocol 7233), and Memoranda of Understanding and Scientific Collecting Permits in the California Division of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). Permits and permissions for access to conserved lands at puma capture and sampling web pages were obtained from CDFW, California Department of Parks and Recreation, The Nature Conservancy, Usa (US) Fish and Wildlife Service, US Forest Service, US Bureau of Land Management, US NavyMarine Corps, Orange County Parks Division, San Diego County Parks Division, San Diego State University, Vista Irrigation District, Rancho Mission ViejoSan Juan Organization, Sweetwater Authority, California Division of Transportation (CalTrans), as well as the City of San Diego Water Division.DNA Extraction and Microsatellite DNA data collectionWhole genomic DNA was extracted employing the DNeasy Blood Tissue Kit (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA, USA). Fifty microsatellite DNA primers have been initially screened for this project. Fortysix loci that performed well in multiplex PCR (applying the QIAGEN Multiplex PCR kit; QIAGEN) and conformed to expectations for HardyWeinberg and linkage equilibria had been selected for ultimate analysis [,2,3]. A single sexidentification locus (Amelogenin) was utilized to confirm sex in samples from degraded puma carcasses [4]. PCR products were separated with an ABI PRISM 3730 DNA Analyzer (Applied Biosystems Inc Foster City, CA, USA) with every single capillary containing mL of a :0 dilution of PCR item and deionized water, 0.05 mL GeneScan500 LIZ Size Standard and 9.95 mL of HiDi formamide (both items Applied Biosystems Inc.) that was denatured at 95uC for 3 min. ProductsPLOS 1 plosone.orgFractured Genetics in Southern California PumasFigure three. California puma population genetic structure. STRUCTURE bar plot displaying the genetic clustering partnership of southern California pumas relative to other folks in California. 3 key genetic groups, A (blue, on proper), B (brown, in center), and C (yellow, on left), are evident for evaluation of 354 folks sampled PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25368524 throughout California. Abbreviations: NC North Coast, MPESN Modoc Plateau Eastern Sierra Nevada, WSN Western Sierra Nevada, CCN Central Coast: north, CCC Central C.
