Ion in the interviewees via face-to-face SBP-3264 site interviews, either at dwelling or
Ion in the interviewees by means of face-to-face interviews, either at dwelling or in the field. The contents of this survey primarily involve person qualities, household characteristics, local socio-economic qualities, PNs and social norms, and rural households’ OFABs. Inside the end, a total of 430 questionnaires have been distributed, and just after review and screening, and excluding invalid questionnaires, a total of 391 valid sample questionnaires have been obtained, as well as the response price of farmer samples was 90.93 . Particularly, 88 had been from Wuhan city, 115 have been from Jingmen city, 112 were from Huangshi city, and 76 were from Tianmen city. All recovered sample questionnaires had been archived after inspection, audit, and sorting by the study team, and sample information files had been established. three.two. Variable Settings Based on the theoretical analysis and existing literature [31,32,35,53,57], to meet the needs of this study, we modified or developed new improvement measures for our study. A scale was made depending on valid and sufficiently trustworthy proof from existing studies. Modified or new improvement measures were modeled based on the structure of prior appropriate scales [31]. Within this study, farmers’ OFABs refer to the measures taken by farmers inside the process of agricultural production by way of applying their farm manure [20,58] and industrial organic fertilizers [59]. Measurement items had been made use of to measure farmers’ AC, AR, PNs, and social norms. The products of AC, AR, and PNs have been primarily adapted from Onwezen et al. [32], and Tanner and W fing Kast [60]. The things of social norms had been adapted from Cialdini et al. [61]. All are measured using a 5-point Likert scale, with things ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to five (strongly agree). Detailed item information is shown in Table 1.Land 2021, ten,7 ofTable 1. Assignment of relevant variables of sample farmers. Variable Farmers’ organic fertilizer application behaviors (OFABs) Measurement Item Ought to farmers use their farm manure (OFABs1 ), for example plant straw, livestock, and poultry manure Yes = 1, no = 0. Really should farmers use industrial organic fertilizer (OFABs2 ), which include earthworm organic fertilizer, and other biological fertilizers Yes = 1, no = 0. Awareness of consequences (AC) Not applying organic fertilizers will degrade the soil good quality (AC1 ). Completely disagree = 1; disagree = 2; neither agree nor disagree = 3; agree = four; entirely agree = 5. Not applying organic fertilizers will trigger agricultural Bafilomycin C1 medchemexpress environmental pollution (AC2 ). Totally disagree = 1; disagree = two; neither agree nor disagree = three; agree = four; entirely agree = five. Not applying organic fertilizers will restrict the sustainable development of agriculture (AC3 ). Completely disagree = 1; disagree = two; neither agree nor disagree = 3; agree = four; completely agree = five. Do you really feel accountable for the deterioration of soil good quality caused by not applying organic fertilizers (AR1 ) Completely disagree = 1; disagree = 2; neither agree nor disagree = 3; agree = four; completely agree = 5. Do you really feel accountable for the agricultural environmental pollution triggered by not applying organic fertilizers (AR2 ) Totally disagree = 1; disagree = two; neither agree nor disagree = three; agree = four; completely agree = 5. Do you feel responsible for the restriction of not applying organic fertilizers for the sustainable development of agriculture (AR3 ) Entirely disagree = 1; disagree = 2; neither agree nor disagree = three; relatively agree = four; entirely agree = five. Do you assume you.
