JJ, Gustafsson JA, Roy SK, Pitot HC, Korach KS, Lubahn DB, Mutanen M, Gould KA. Disruption of estrogen receptor signaling enhances intestinal neoplasia in Apc(Min/+) mice. Carcinogenesis 2009; 30: 1581-1590 [PMID: 19520794 DOI: ten.1093/carcin/ bgp132]Peer-reviewThis paper is effectively written and the operate was well carried out. The outcomes are very intriguing and bring new critical knowledges in adenomatous polyposis.
ONCOIMMUNOLOGY 2016, VOL. five, NO. 2, e1080416 (3 pages) ://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2162402X.2015.AUTHOR’S VIEWInterferon gamma/NADPH oxidase defense technique in immunity and cancerZdenek Hodnya, Milan Reinisb, Sona Hubackovaa, Pavla Vasicovac, and Jiri Barteka,da Division of Genome Integrity of Institute of Molecular Genetics of your ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic; bImmunology Unit CCP, Institute of Molecular Genetics with the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic; cLaboratory of Cell Reproduction, Institute of Microbiology with the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic; dDanish Cancer Society Analysis Center, Copenhagen, DenmarkABSTRACTARTICLE HISTORYAs a part of cellular pathogen defense, IFNg triggers induction of NADPH oxidase NOX2, which produces superoxide into phagosomes of immune cells. Recent data show that a similar mechanism can also operate in IFNg-mediated anticancer handle. IFNg is capable of inducing expression of constitutively active NADPH oxidase NOX4 in tumor cells leading to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damaging DNA, activation of DNA harm response and cell cycle arrest/premature cellular senescence.Received 31 July 2015 Accepted 31 JulyKEYWORDSCellular senescence; DNA harm response; oxidative pressure; tumor growth aspect beta; tumor immunosurveillanceAs among immune system mediators, interferon gamma (IFNg) orchestrates the function of many immune cells in organismal protection against pathogens and also links the innate and adaptive arms of immunity. Apart from its function in antiviral and antibacterial immunity, the important role of IFNg in tumor immunosurveillance/anticancer immunity, also as in cancer immunoediting, is nicely documented.1 In easy terms, the anticancer effects of IFNg are bimodal. Firstly, IFNg can have an effect on cancerous cells directly by inhibition of their proliferation and sensitization to cell death. On top of that, IFNg modulates cancer development indirectly, one example is by suppression of tumorassociated angiogenesis and/or activation of many components of immune system-mediated antitumor defense, such as by way of upregulating expression of MHC class I and II molecules on tumor cells or enhancing antitumor cytotoxicity of NK cells. Like type I interferons, IFNg has been located to induce, apart from cell death (apoptosis and necrosis), also premature cellular senescence in human cells in vitro by means of DNA damaging activity mediated by ROS (references see in2).AGO2/Argonaute-2 Protein Biological Activity This senescence-inducing antitumour effect of IFNg was also demonstrated in vivo using murine model of pancreatic b-cell cancer.SCF Protein Accession three The latter study showed that IFNg produced collectively with TNFa by CD4+TH1 lymphocytes limited the development of b-cancer cells via induction of p16INK4a/pRb-dependent senescence, which required also intact STAT1 and TNFR1 signaling.PMID:23537004 Nevertheless, it is actually noteworthy that the direct effects of IFNg on tumor cells is usually cell and tumor type-specific as well as opposite cell responses (e.g., proliferation induction) is usually observed. The antimicrobial activities of IFNg are also linked to IFNgmediated induction of supero.
